Abeza, G., O’Reilly, N., & Seguin, B. (2019). Social media in relationship marketing: The perspective of
professional sport managers in the MLB, NBA, NFL, and NHL. Communication & Sport, 7(1), 80-
109.
Adam, I. (2019). Digital leisure engagement and concerns among inbound tourists in Ghana. Journal of
Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 26, 13-22.
Addolorato, S., Calabuig, F., Prado-Gascó, V., Gallardo, L., & García-Unanue, J. (2019). Bibliometric analysis
of fitness equipment: how scientific focuses affect life-cycle approaches and sustainable ways of
development. Sustainability, 11(20), 5728.
Adrizal, M., & Pahlifi, D. (2020). The use of android media in improving students’ motivation in learning
sports physiology. Paper presented at the Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
Agency, i. m. r. (2021). The leisure consumer 2021. Retrieved from
https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/consumer-business/deloitte-uk-theleisure-consumer-2021.pdf
Alborzi, M., Khoshbakht, F., & Doroudi, R. (2019). The Relationship between the Rate of the Use of Computer
Games and Academic Procrastination: The Mediatory Role of Goal Orientation in Elementary School
Students. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 12(1), 109-129.
amar.ir. (2016). Population and Housing Censuses (2016 ed.). Iran: Presidency of the I.R.I Plan and Budget
Organization.
Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social
media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive behaviors, 64,
287-293.
Anorue, I. L., Ugboaja, S. U., & Okonkwo, C. P. (2020). Influence of online advertising in the promotion of
Nigeria Professional Football League (NPFL). International Journal of New Economics and Social
Sciences, 11, 231-246.
Ansarifard, R. A. (2016). Leisure time and Social Phenomena. Quarterly Book Review Social Science, 3(9),
98-91.
Apostolou, M., & Zacharia, M. (2015). The evolution of sports: Exploring parental interest in watching sports.
Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1(3), 155-162.
Bagherikerachi, A., Sadeghi, S., & Razmjoo, M. M. (2019). Comparing the Creativity of Students interested
in Computer Games by Style, History and Hours of Play. Bimonthly of Education Strategies in Medical
Sciences, 11(6), 20-25.
Bányai, F., Griffiths, M. D., Király, O., & Demetrovics, Z. (2019). The psychology of esports: A systematic
literature review. Journal of gambling studies, 35(2), 351-365.
Baracho, A. F. d. O., Gripp, F. J., & Lima, M. R. d. (2012). Exergames and the school physical education in
the digital culture. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte, 34, 111-126.
Benzing, V., & Schmidt, M. (2018). Exergaming for Children and Adolescents: Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities and Threats. J Clin Med, 7(11),412-424.
Berdychevsky, L. (2018). “Risky” leisure research on sex and violence: Innovation, impact, and impediments.
Leisure Sciences, 40(1-2), 9-18.
Best, J. R. (2013). Exergaming in Youth: Effects on Physical and Cognitive Health. Z Psychol, 221(2), 72-78.
Billings, A. C., Broussard, R. M., Xu, Q., & Xu, M. (2019). Untangling international sport social media use:
Contrasting US and Chinese uses and gratifications across four platforms. Communication & Sport,
7(5), 630-652.
Bolboli, F., & Gholamzadeh, M. (2019). Investigating the effect of computer games on the aggression of
children from 7 to 9. OURMAZD JOURNAL, 47(2), 56-64.
Booker, C. L., Skew, A. J., Kelly, Y. J., & Sacker, A. (2015). Media Use, Sports Participation, and Well-Being
in Adolescence: Cross-Sectional Findings From the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Am J Public
Health, 105(1), 173-179.
Brown, K. A., Billings, A. C., Murphy, B., & Puesan, L. (2018). Intersections of fandom in the age of
interactive media: eSports fandom as a predictor of traditional sport fandom. Communication & Sport,
6(4), 418-435.
Bryant, J., & Raney, A. A. (2000). Media entertainment: The psychology of its: Routledge.
Campbell, J. (2008). The hero with a thousand faces (Vol. 17): New World Library.
Chomynová, P., & Kážmér, L. (2019). Leisure-time socializing with peers as a mediator of recent decline in
alcohol use in Czech adolescents. Journal of Substance Use, 24(6), 630-637.
Cooper, R., & Tang, T. (2012). Fans, nonfans, and the Olympics: Predictors of audience's multiplatform
experience with the 2008 Beijing Games. Mass Communication and Society, 15(4), 506-524.
Dehghanzadeh, H., Dehghanzadeh, H., & Minaei, B. (2019). A Framework for Identifying the Proper
Mechanics of Computer Games for Teaching Cognitive TopicsJournal of Iran Cultural Research.
Journal of Iran Cultural Research, 12(1), 27-58.
Demetrovics, Z., Urbán, R., Nagygyörgy, K., Farkas, J., Zilahy, D., Mervó, B., . . . Harmath, E. (2011). Why
do you play? The development of the motives for online gaming questionnaire (MOGQ). Behavior
research methods, 43(3), 814-825.
DeSimone, G. T., & ACSM-CPT, A.-G. (2020). Virtual fitness: Choosing a program that is right for you.
ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal,24(4),3-5.
Dietl, H., Özdemir, A., & Rendall, A. (2020). The role of facial attractiveness in tennis TV-viewership. Sport
Management Review, 23(3), 521-535.
Dietz-Uhler, B., Harrick, E. A., End, C., & Jacquemotte, L. (2000). Sex differences in sport fan behavior and
reasons for being a sport fan. Journal of Sport Behavior, 23(3), 219.
Dixon, S. (2022). Global social networks ranked by number of users 2022. Retrieved from
https://www.statista.com/statistics/272014/global-social-networks-ranked-by-number-of-users/
Donath, L., Rössler, R., & Faude, O. (2016). Effects of Virtual Reality Training (Exergaming) Compared to
Alternative Exercise Training and Passive Control on Standing Balance and Functional Mobility in
Healthy Community-Dwelling Seniors: A Meta-Analytical Review. Sports Med, 46(9), 1293-1309.
Esmaeili, M., Shirvani, T., Rezaei, S., & Afshari, M. (2022). Developing Sociopathological Model for Leisure
Time Planning with Physical Activity Approach in Tehran Province. Strategic Studies on Youth ans
Sports, 21(56), 275-294.
Fagen, K. (2018). Full benefits, 6-figure salaries, 401Ks and nutritionists–2 professionals reveal what it’s really
like to be paid to play video games for a living. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.nl/whatits-like-to-play-in-the-overwatch-league-2018-4/
Fahimnia, B., Sarkis, J., & Davarzani, H. (2015). Green supply chain management: A review and bibliometric
analysis. International Journal of Production Economics, 162, 101-114.
Fancourt, D., Aughterson, H., Finn, S., Walker, E., & Steptoe, A. (2021). How leisure activities affect health:
a narrative review and multi-level theoretical framework of mechanisms of action. The Lancet
Psychiatry, 8(4), 329-339.
Feng, Y., Zhu, Q., & Lai, K.-H. (2017). Corporate social responsibility for supply chain management: A
literature review and bibliometric analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 158, 296-307.
Ferreira, J. J., Fernandes, C., Ratten, V., & Miragaia, D. (2020). Sports innovation: A bibliometric study Sport
entrepreneurship and public policy (pp. 153-170): Springer.
Filo, K., Lock, D., & Karg, A. (2015). Sport and social media research: A review. Sport Management Review,
18(2), 166-181.
Fuller, L. (2008). Sportscasters/sportscasting: Principles and practices: Routledge.
Funk, D. C., Pizzo, A. D., & Baker, B. J. (2018). eSport management: Embracing eSport education and
research opportunities. Sport Management Review, 21(1), 7-13.
Gallistl, V., & Nimrod, G. (2020). Media-Based Leisure and Wellbeing: A Study of Older Internet Users.
Leisure Studies, 39(2), 251-265.
Gantz, W., Wang, Z., Paul, B., & Potter, R. F. (2006). Sports versus all comers: Comparing TV sports fans
with fans of other programming genres. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 50(1), 95-118.
Gantz, W., & Wenner, L. A. (1991). Men, women, and sports: Audience experiences and effects. Journal of
Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 35(2), 233-243.
Ghobadi Yegane, A., Yousefi, B., & Khazaei, A. A. (2014). The Relationship between Fandom, Team
Identification & Loyalty to Sport Team with Virtual Sport Consummation. Sport Psychology Studies,
3(8), 33-48.
González-Serrano, M. H., Jones, P., & Llanos-Contrera, O. (2019). An overview of sport entrepreneurship
field: a bibliometric analysis of the articles published in the Web of Science. Sport in Society, 1-19.
Gosal, A. S., Geijzendorffer, I. R., Václavík, T., Poulin, B., & Ziv, G. (2019). Using social media, machine
learning and natural language processing to map multiple recreational beneficiaries. Ecosystem
Services, 38, 51-84.
Goswami, A., & Dutta, S. (2015). Gender differences in technology usage—A literature review. Open Journal
of Business and Management, 4(1), 51-59.
Gratton, C., & Solberg, H. A. (2007). The economics of sports broadcasting: Routledge.
Habibi, M., & Behnamifard, F. (2016). The position of the virtual space of the Internet and urban open space
in the leisure pattern of today's teenagers (case study: teenagers of Rajaei neighborhood of Karaj city).
Urban Sociological Studies 20, 99-130.
Habibi, M., & Behnamifard, F. (2017). Relationship between Level of Karaji Adolescent's Satisfaction with
Urban Spaces and Their Leisure Time Spent in Virtual Social Networks. Resaneh, 28(1), 81-102.
Hallmann, K., & Giel, T. (2018). eSports – Competitive sports or recreational activity? Sport Management
Review, 21(1), 14-20.
Hashim, H. L., Kamaruddin, A., & Jantan, A. H. (2019). The mobile exergames design model to encourage
physical activity for sedentary generation Z. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 5th International
ACM In-Cooperation HCI and UX Conference.
Hayes, M. (2022). Social media and inspiring physical activity during COVID-19 and beyond. Managing Sport
and Leisure, 27(1-2), 14-21.
Ho, C.-H., & Cho, Y.-H. (2021). Social Media as a Pathway to Leisure: Digital Leisure Culture among New
Mothers with Young Children in Taiwan. Leisure Sciences, 43(3-4),347-362.
Honary, M., Bell, B. T., Clinch, S., Wild, S. E., & McNaney, R. (2019). Understanding the role of healthy
eating and fitness mobile apps in the formation of maladaptive eating and exercise behaviors in young
people. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 7(6), 1-19.
Iman, M. T., Sorush, M., Rastegar, Y., & Hajbande, M. (2017). An Analysis of Gender Difference in Youth
Leisure Patterns at Isfahan. Strategic Studies on Youth ans Sports, 16(36), 87-106.
Ioannides, D., & Gyimóthy, S. (2020). The COVID-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable
global tourism path. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 624-632.
Jalilolghadr, S., Hashemi, F., Jahanihashemi, H., Yazdi, Z., Alimoradi, F., & Javadi, M. (2017). Association
of sleep disturbances with TV and satellite watching and video games playing in 14-17 years old high
school students of Qazvin. Journal of Inflammatory Diseases, 21(2), 31-40.
Javid, M., Kazemi, M. a., & Fatemi, R. (2019). Health development with an emphasis on the motivation to
participate in physical activity and digital leisure games of adolescents. Journal of sport science and
Educational Applied Researches without borders, 11, 2-19.
Jenny, S. E., Manning, R. D., Keiper, M. C., & Olrich, T. W. (2017). Virtual (ly) athletes: where eSports fit
within the definition of “Sport”. Quest, 69(1), 1-18.
Jong, S. T., & Drummond, M. J. (2020). Exploring online fitness culture and young females Re-thinking
Leisure in a Digital Age (pp. 50-62): Routledge.
Kaser, K., & Oelkers, D. B. (2021). Sports and entertainment marketing: Cengage Learning.
Kaur, H., Singh, T., Arya, Y. K., & Mittal, S. (2020). Physical fitness and exercise during the COVID-19
pandemic: a qualitative enquiry. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 1-10.
Kavanagh, E., Jones, I., & Sheppard-Marks, L. (2020). Towards typologies of virtual maltreatment: Sport,
digital cultures & dark leisure Re-thinking leisure in a digital age (pp. 75-88): Routledge.
Kavanagh, E., Litchfield, C., & Osborne, J. (2022). Social Media, Digital Technology and Athlete Abuse Sport,
Social Media, and Digital Technology: Emerald Publishing Limited.
Keya, F. D., Rahman, M. M., Nur, M. T., & Pasa, M. K. (2020). Parenting and child’s (five years to eighteen
years) digital game addiction: A qualitative study in North-Western part of Bangladesh. Computers in
Human Behavior Reports, 2(1), 1-5.
Kircaburun, K., Demetrovics, Z., & Tosuntaş, Ş. B. (2019). Analyzing the links between problematic social
media use, dark triad traits, and self-esteem. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction,
17(6), 1496-1507.
Kraus, S., Bouncken, R. B., Görmar, L., González-Serrano, M. H., & Calabuig, F. (2022). Coworking spaces
and makerspaces: Mapping the state of research. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(1), 100161.
Kraus, S., Breier, M., & Dasí-Rodríguez, S. (2020). The art of crafting a systematic literature review in
entrepreneurship research. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 16(3), 1023-
1042.
Lee, J.-Y., An, J.-W., & Lee, S.-W. (2014). Factors affecting eSports audience satisfaction-The case of League
of Legends. Journal of Korea Game Society, 14(3), 35-46.
Lenhart, A., Kahne, J., Middaugh, E., Macgill, A. R., Evans, C., & Vitak, J. (2008). Teens, Video Games, and
Civics: Teens' Gaming Experiences Are Diverse and Include Significant Social Interaction and Civic
Engagement. Pew internet & American life project.
Li, B., Dittmore, S. W., Scott, O. K., Lo, W.-j., & Stokowski, S. (2019). Why we follow: Examining
motivational differences in following sport organizations on Twitter and Weibo. Sport Management
Review, 22(3), 335-347.
Lieberman, D., Chamberlin, B., Medina, E., Franklin, B., Sanner, B., & Vafiadis, D. (2011). Power of Play:
Innovations in Getting Active Summit Planning Committee. The power of play: Innovations in Getting
Active Summit 2011: a science panel proceedings report from the American Heart Association.
Circulation, 123(21), 2507-2516.
López-Carril, S., Escamilla-Fajardo, P., González-Serrano, M. H., Ratten, V., & González-García, R. J. (2020).
The rise of social media in sport: A bibliometric analysis. International journal of innovation and
technology management, 17(06), 1-24.
López-Carril, S., Herrera, M. V., & Sanz, V. A. (2019). Conceptualización de los medios sociales:
oportunidades para la gestión del deporte (Conceptualisation of Social Media: opportunities for Sport
Management). Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación(36), 578-583.
Lopez-Fernandez, O., Williams, A. J., Griffiths, M. D., & Kuss, D. J. (2019). Female gaming, gaming
addiction, and the role of women within gaming culture: A narrative literature review. Frontiers in
Psychiatry, 10, 454-467.
López-Sintas, J., Rojas-DeFrancisco, L., & García-Álvarez, E. (2017). Home-based digital leisure: Doing the
same leisure activities, but digital. Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1), 1-14.
Lounassalo, I., Hirvensalo, M., Palomäki, S., Salin, K., Tolvanen, A., Pahkala, K., . . . Hutri-Kähönen, N.
(2021). Life-course leisure-time physical activity trajectories in relation to health-related behaviors in
adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study. BMC public health, 21(1), 1-13.
Lukowicz, K., & Strzelecki, A. (2020). User satisfaction on social media profile of e-sports organization,4,61-
75.
Ma, H., Wu, Y., & Wu, X. (2013). Research on essential difference of e-sport and online game Informatics
and management science V (pp. 615-621): Springer.
Maldonado-Erazo, C. P., Durán-Sánchez, A., Álvarez-García, J., & Del Río, M. d. l. C. (2019). Sports
sponsorship: scientific coverage in academic journals. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy.
Martončik, M. (2015). e-Sports: Playing just for fun or playing to satisfy life goals? Computers in Human
Behavior, 48, 208-211.
Massaro, M., Dumay, J., & Guthrie, J. (2016). On the shoulders of giants: undertaking a structured literature
review in accounting. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 29(5),767-801.
Maziah, M. R. (2018). Health and leisure time physical activity promotion through exergaming for individulas
with spinal cord injury/Maziah Mat Rosly.(PhD), University of Malaya.
McFadden, C., & Li, Q. (2019). Motivational readiness to change exercise behaviors: an analysis of the
differences in exercise, wearable exercise tracking technology, and exercise frequency, intensity, and
time (FIT) values and BMI scores in university students. American Journal of Health Education, 50(2),
67-79.
McIntosh, J., Jay, S., Hadden, N., & Whittaker, P. (2017). Do E-health interventions improve physical activity
in young people: a systematic review. Public Health, 148, 140-148.
McMahon, J., McGannon, K. R., & Palmer, C. (2022). Body shaming and associated practices as abuse: athlete
entourage as perpetrators of abuse. Sport, Education and Society, 27(5), 578-591.
Miri, M., Hajilo, N., Basharpoor, S., & Narimani, M. (2020). The mediating role of seeking sensation in the
relationship between emotional self - regulation and confused identity with video - computer games
addiction. Journal of Psychological Sciences, 18(83), 2163-2173.
Morais, N. S., Viana, R. B., Silva, W. F., Santos, D. A., Costa, T. G., Campos, M. H., . . . Gentil, P. (2021).
Effect of both dance exergame and a traditional exercise on state anxiety and enjoyment in women.
The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 62(4),560-567.
Moreira, J., Marques, C. S., Braga, A., & Ratten, V. (2019). A systematic review of women's entrepreneurship
and internationalization literature. Thunderbird International Business Review, 61(4), 635-648.
Niazi, M., Shafaei Moghadam, E., & Hasanzadeh, Z. (2019). The Relationship between Addiction to Computer
Games and Isolation of adolescents: A Case Study of Junior High School Students in Kashan in 2016.
Journal of Iran Cultural Research 12(1), 85-108.
Nicholson, M., Kerr, A., & Sherwood, M. (2015). Sport and the media: Managing the nexus: Routledge.
Obaid, A. I., & CK, K. K. (2022). The Impact of Social Media (SM) on Sport Marketing Strategy Development:
A Case Study of Football Teams in Iraq. Journal La Sociale, 3(4), 155-159.
Ogunleye, A., Voss, C., & Sandercock, G. (2012). Prevalence of high screen time in English youth: association
with deprivation and physical activity. Journal of public health, 34(1), 46-53.
Owens, J. (2015). Television sports production: Routledge.
Peng, W., Crouse, J. C., & Lin, J. H. (2013). Using active video games for physical activity promotion: a
systematic review of the current state of research. Health Educ Behav, 40(2), 171-192.
Pizzo, A., Baker, B., Na, S., Lee, M., Kim, D., & Funk, D. (2018). eSport vs sport: a comparison of spectator
motives. Faculty/Researcher Works, 27,108-123.
Pourahmad, A., Rezaienia, H., Hosseini, A., Andisheh, S., & Amini, M. (2021). Analyzing the Level of Access
to Leisure Spaces within the City Using Network Analysis Method: The Case Study of Neighborhoods
in District 9 of Tehran. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 23(4), 1-20.
Powell, A., Scott, A. J., & Henry, N. (2020). Digital harassment and abuse: Experiences of sexuality and
gender minority adults. European Journal of Criminology, 17(2), 199-223.
Puerta-Cortés, D. X., Panova, T., Carbonell, X., & Chamarro, A. (2017). How passion and impulsivity
influence a player's choice of videogame, intensity of playing and time spent playing. Computers in
Human Behavior, 66, 122-128.
Rahimi Shamaei Monfared, N., Hassani Mehraban, A., Taghizade, G., Akbarfahimi, M., & dadgoo, M. (2015).
The effect of videogames on balance skills and fear of falling in chronic stroke patients: a single subject
design. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 4(3), 27-37.
Rahimpour, D. (2017). The role of computer and video games in the definition of lifestyle along with the
analysis of games based on the hedonism of Don Juanism. (Masters), Semnan University Semnan.
Raney, A. A. (2009). The effects of viewing televised sports. The Sage handbook of media processes and
effects, 439-453.
Raney, A. A. (2013). Reflections on communication and sport: On enjoyment and disposition. Communication
& Sport, 1(1-2), 164-175.
Rasouli Maharlouei, S. N. (2017). A study on the mutual effects of cinema and computer games (video games)
from the point of view of narrative, visual form and characterization. (Masters), University of Art,
Tehran.
Ratan, R. A., Taylor, N., Hogan, J., Kennedy, T., & Williams, D. (2015). Stand by your man: An examination
of gender disparity in League of Legends. Games and culture, 10(5), 438-462.
Renu, N. (2021). Technological advancement in the era of COVID-19. SAGE Open Medicine, 9(1-4),1-6.
Rikkers, W., Lawrence, D., Hafekost, J., & Zubrick, S. R. (2016). Internet use and electronic gaming by
children and adolescents with emotional and behavioural problems in Australia–results from the
second Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. BMC public health, 16(1), 1-
16.
Rodrik, D. (2018). New technologies, global value chains, and developing economies. Retrieved from
https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w25164/w25164.pdf
Rogstad, E. T. (2022). Gender in eSports research: a literature review. European Journal for Sport and Society,
19(3), 195-213.
Rostami, H., Javadipoor, S., Ghanbari, S., Mandani, B., & Azizi Malamiri, R. (2011). The effect of
sensorimotor games in virtual environment on eye hand coordination of children with hemiplegic
cerebral palsy. Daneshvar Medicine, 19(4), 45-54.
Rostamipour, M., Zareian, E., & Aslankhani, M. a. (2019). The Effect of Exergaming interventions (Xbox
Kinect) on Gross Motor Skills of children with developmental motor delay: Emphasis on modern
training. Journal of Motion and Behavioral Sciences, 2(1), 75-84.
Rowley, J., & Keegan, B. J. (2020). An overview of systematic literature reviews in social media marketing.
Journal of Information Science, 46(6), 725-738.
Rudolf, K., Bickmann, P., Froböse, I., Tholl, C., Wechsler, K., & Grieben, C. (2020). Demographics and health
behavior of video game and eSports players in Germany: the eSports study 2019. International journal
of environmental research and public health, 17(6), 1870.
Rüth, M., & Kaspar, K. (2020). Exergames in formal school teaching: A pre-post longitudinal field study on
the effects of a dance game on motor learning, physical enjoyment, and learning motivation.
Entertainment Computing, 35, 100372.
Ruvalcaba, O., Shulze, J., Kim, A., Berzenski, S. R., & Otten, M. P. (2018). Women’s experiences in eSports:
Gendered differences in peer and spectator feedback during competitive video game play. Journal of
Sport and Social Issues, 42(4), 295-311.
Ryu, J., & Heo, J. (2016). Relaxation and watching televised sports among older adults. Educational
Gerontology, 42(2), 71-78.
Salmani, P. (2018). A study of the use of computer games in art therapy to improve the touch disorder of
hyperactive children. (Masters), Islamic Azad University Najafabad Branc, Esfahan.
Sargent, S. L. (2003). Enjoyment of televised sporting events: Evidence of a gender gap. Communication
Research Reports, 20(2), 182-188.
Schwarz, A., DeSmet, A., Cardon, G., Chastin, S., Costa, R., Grilo, A., . . . Stragier, J. (2018). Mobile
Exergaming in adolescents’ everyday life—Contextual design of where, when, with whom, and how:
The SmartLife case. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(5), 835.
Secundo, G., Ndou, V., Del Vecchio, P., & De Pascale, G. (2020). Sustainable development, intellectual capital
and technology policies: A structured literature review and future research agenda. Technological
Forecasting and Social Change, 153, 1-21.
Seo, Y. (2016). Professionalized consumption and identity transformations in the field of eSports. Journal of
Business Research, 69(1), 264-272.
Shirani Bidabadi, E., Behyan, S., & Hashemianfar, S. A. (2018). The role of computer games subculture in
antisocial behaviors of high school teenagers in Isfahan in 2016. Journal of Culture - Communication
Studies 18(40), 185-223.
Spencer Schultz, C., & McKeown, J. (2018). Introduction to the special issue: Toward “digital leisure studies.
Leisure Sciences, 40(4), 223-238.
Staiano, A. E. (2020). Exergames, energy expenditure, and obesity. The International Encyclopedia of Media
Psychology, 1-7.
Staiano, A. E., Beyl, R. A., Hsia, D. S., Katzmarzyk, P. T., & Newton Jr, R. L. (2017). Twelve weeks of dance
exergaming in overweight and obese adolescent girls: Transfer effects on physical activity, screen
time, and self-efficacy. Journal of sport and health science, 6(1), 4-10.
Statistics, U. S. B. o. L. (2021). Average hours per day spent in selected leisure and sports activities by sex,
employment status, and day, 2021 annual averages. https://www.bls.gov/charts/american-timeuse/activity-leisure-by-sex.htm
Stebbins, R. A. (1982). Serious leisure: A conceptual statement. Pacific sociological review, 25(2), 251-272.
Su, Z., & Zeng, C. (2022). The Effects of Health Consideration on Exergaming Behavior in College Students:
A Structural Equation Perspective. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 93(1), 96-104.
Taylor, T. L. (2012). Raising the stakes: E-sports and the professionalization of computer gaming: Mit Press.
Tel, M. (2021). Investigation of Athletes' Habits of Playing Digital Game in The Pandemic Process. Pakistan
Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 15(12), 3630-3638.
Unbehaun, D., Vaziri, D. D., Aal, K., Wieching, R., Tolmie, P., & Wulf, V. (2018). Exploring the Potential of
Exergames to affect the Social and Daily Life of People with Dementia and their Caregivers. Paper
presented at the Proceedings of the 2018 chi conference on human factors in computing systems.
Valtchanov, B. L., & Parry, D. C. (2017). “I like my peeps”: Diversifying the net generation's digital leisure.
Leisure Sciences, 39(4), 336-354.
Viana, R. B., Dankel, S. J., Loenneke, J. P., Gentil, P., Vieira, C. A., Andrade, M. d. S., . . . de Lira, C. A. B.
(2020). The effects of exergames on anxiety levels: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 30(7), 1100-1116.
Viana, R. B., de Oliveira, V. N., Dankel, S. J., Loenneke, J. P., Abe, T., da Silva, W. F., . . . de Lira, C. A. B.
(2021). The effects of exergames on muscle strength: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 31(8), 1592-1611.
Waititu, P. (2021). Creating Community Based Environmental Awareness with Social Media: A Kenyan
perspective. Southern African Journal of Environmental Education, 37(1), 27-42.
Wenner, L. A. (2002). Watching sports on television: Audience experience, gender, fanship, and marriage
MediaSport (pp. 247-265): Routledge.
Witkowski, E. Girl Gamers? Player and Institutional Orientations towards Women’s Participation in and
around E-Sports. Presented at Internet Research: The 15th Annual Meeting of the Association of
Internet Researchers, Daegu, Korea, 22–24 April 2014; Available online:
https://spir.aoir.org/ojs/index.php/spir (accessed on 4 March 2020).
Wood, L., Hoeber, O., Snelgrove, R., & Hoeber, L. (2019). Computer science meets digital leisure: Multiple
perspectives on social media and eSport collaborations. Journal of Leisure Research, 50(5), 425-437.
Yan, G., Pegoraro, A., & Watanabe, N. M. (2018). Student-athletes’ organization of activism at the University
of Missouri: Resource mobilization on Twitter. Journal of Sport Management, 32(1), 24-37.
Zach, S., Raviv, T., & Meckel, Y. (2016). Using information communication technologies (ICTs) for
motivating female adolescents to exercise/run in their leisure time. Computers in Human Behavior,
60, 593-601.
Zheng, L., Li, G., Wang, X., Yin, H., Jia, Y., Leng, M., . . . Chen, L. (2020). Effect of exergames on physical
outcomes in frail elderly: a systematic review. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32(11),
2187-2200.
Zou, X., Yue, W. L., & Le Vu, H. (2018). Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domain of road
safety studies. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 118, 131-145.
)
